Title | Development and validation of audio-based guided imagery and progressive muscle relaxation tools for functional bloating. | ||
Author | Tee, Vincent; Kuan, Garry; Kueh, Yee Cheng; Abdullah, Nurzulaikha; Sabran, Kamal; Tagiling, Nashrulhaq; Sahran, Nur-Fazimah; Alang, Tengku Ahmad Iskandar Tengku; Lee, Yeong Yeh | ||
Journal | PLoS One | Publication Year/Month | 2022 |
PMID | 36155547 | PMCID | PMC9512190 |
Affiliation + expend | 1.Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. |
Mind-body techniques, including Guided Imagery (GI) or Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), may effectively manage bloating. The current study aimed to develop and validate (psychometric and psychological responses) audio-based GI and PMR techniques for bloating. Audio scripts were first developed from literature reviews and in-depth interviews of participants with bloating diagnosed based on the Rome IV criteria. Scripts were validated using psychometric (content & face validity index) and physiological approaches (brain event-related potentials & heart rate variability). 45/63 participants completed the in-depth interview, and \'balloon\' emerged as the synonymous imagery description for bloating, of which inflation correlated with a painful sensation. The final tools consisted of narrated audio scripts in the background of a validated choice of music. Overall, the content and face validity index for PMR and GI ranged from 0.92 to 1.00. For ERP and HRV, 17/20 participants were analyzed. For ERP, there was a significant difference between GI and PMR for alpha waves (p = 0.029), delta waves (p = 0.029), and between PMR and control for delta waves (p = 0.014). For HRV, GI and PMR exhibited similar autonomic responses over controls (overall p<0.05). The newly developed GI and PMR audio-based tools have been validated using psychometric and physiological approaches.