RVdb-Rhinovirus Database

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Title	Etiological and epidemiological features of acute respiratory infections in China.
Author	Li, Zhong-Jie; Zhang, Hai-Yang; Ren, Li-Li; Lu, Qing-Bin; Ren, Xiang; Zhang, Cui-Hong; Wang, Yi-Fei; Lin, Sheng-Hong; Zhang, Xiao-Ai; Li, Jun; Zhao, Shi-Wen; Yi, Zhi-Gang; Chen, Xiao; Yang, Zuo-Sen; Meng, Lei; Wang, Xin-Hua; Liu, Ying-Le; Wang, Xin; Cui, Ai-Li; Lai, Sheng-Jie; Jiang, Tao; Yuan, Yang; Shi, Lu-Sha; Liu, Meng-Yang; Zhu, Yu-Liang; Zhang, An-Ran; Zhang, Zhi-Jie; Yang, Yang; Ward, Michael P; Feng, Lu-Zhao; Jing, Huai-Qi; Huang, Liu-Yu; Xu, Wen-Bo; Chen, Yu; Wu, Jian-Guo; Yuan, Zheng-Hong; Li, Meng-Feng; Wang, Yu; Wang, Li-Ping; Fang, Li-Qun; Liu, Wei; Hay, Simon I; Gao, George F; Yang, Wei-Zhong
Journal	Nat Commun	Publication Year/Month	2021-Aug
PMID	34408158	PMCID	PMC8373954
Affiliation + expend	1.Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
	2.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
	3.Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
	4.Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
	5.Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
	6.Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China.
	7.Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China.
	8.Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
	9.Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, China.
	10.Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China.
	11.Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
	12.National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
	13.National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
	14.School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
	15.School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
	16.Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
	17.Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
	18.Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia.
	19.The Institute for Disease Prevention and Control of PLA, Beijing, China.
	20.Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
	21.Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
	22.Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. wanglp@chinacdc.cn.
	23.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China. fang_lq@163.com.
	24.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China. liuwei@bmi.ac.cn.
	25.Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
	26.Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Abstract

Nationwide prospective surveillance of all-age patients with acute respiratory infections was conducted in China between 20092019. Here we report the etiological and epidemiological features of the 231,107 eligible patients enrolled in this analysis. Children <5 years old and school-age children have the highest viral positivity rate (46.9%) and bacterial positivity rate (30.9%). Influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus are the three leading viral pathogens with proportions of 28.5%, 16.8% and 16.7%, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the three leading bacterial pathogens (29.9%, 18.6% and 15.8%). Negative interactions between viruses and positive interactions between viral and bacterial pathogens are common. A Join-Point analysis reveals the age-specific positivity rate and how this varied for individual pathogens. These data indicate that differential priorities for diagnosis, prevention and control should be highlighted in terms of acute respiratory tract infection patients\' demography, geographic locations and season of illness in China.

MeSH terms

Bacteria/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification

Bacterial Infections/epidemiology/*microbiology

Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology/*microbiology/*virology

Virus Diseases/epidemiology/*virology

Viruses/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification

Adolescent

Adult

Child

Child, Preschool

China/epidemiology

Female