BACKGROUND: Heart rate variability (HRV) a feasible predictor of prognosis in cardiovascular outcomes shown to be reduced in people living with HIV (PLWH). OBJECTIVE: This study sought to understand the effects of short-term aerobic training (AT) on the resting HRV and endothelial function in this population. METHODS: PLWH performed 24 sessions of AT protocol. The protocol consists of 40 min of treadmill (60 to 80% of the VO(2max)), 3 times per week, for 8 weeks. HRV (standard deviation of all normal RR intervals - SDNN; root mean square of the successive differences - rMSSD; low frequency - LF; high frequency - HF; LF:HF ratio) and endothelial function parameters were evaluated by EndoPAT system pre and post intervention. RESULTS: 7 men, the median age of the sample was 49 years (range, 38-68 years), completed the protocol. AT improved resting HRV parameters: SDNN (p = 0.02, power analysis (PA) 0.54), rMSSD (p = 0.02, PA = 0.99), LF (p = 0.02, PA = 0.85). HF, LF:HF ratio and endothelial function parameters showed no changes. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest the short-term AT may improve HRV in men living with HIV.