Hypertension is independent and one of the most important risk factor of cardiovascular mortality. 313 patients with I-III stages of hypertension were included in study. Assessment of autonomic nerve system activity was done by measurement of heart rate variability on the base of rythmogramme according to standard methods. Decrease of HRV (till 1175 +/- 1571 ms2, P < 0.01) was observed in patients with hypertension. It was associated with presents of main risk factors: heart rate, age and gender, stage and severity of disease, decrease of LV systolic and diastolic function. Decrease of HRV also associated wit fall of parasympatic activity (in 1,7 times, P < 0,05). Autonomic nerve system in patient with hypertension try to attain steady stay balance and preserve BP increase during orthostatic load. Combination of HRV decrease and LH hypertrophy is negative prognostic factor regarding 2-years mortality in patients with hypertension.